Jehoshaphat: the Reign · Bible Guide

KING OF JUDAH · TWO KINGDOMS

Jehoshaphat. Twenty-five years in Jerusalem, at peace with Ahab's house.

REIGNEDi

25 years c. 873–848 BC (dates vary)

CAPITAL

Jerusalem

HOUSE

House of David 4th of 20 in Judah

VERDICT

✓ Did right “doing that which was right in the eyes of the LORD”

PROPHETS

Micaiah son of Imlah · Jehu son of Hanani · Jahaziel · Eliezer son of Dodavah · Elisha

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS REHOBOAM → ZEDEKIAH

SUCCESSION

The two kingdoms

THE VERDICT

How Scripture judges the reign

“doing that which was right in the eyes of the LORD”

1 Kings 22:43 (KJV) →

“And he walked in all the ways of Asa his father; he turned not aside from it”

1 Kings 22:43 (KJV) →

BUT ALSO

But also: "the high places were not taken away; for the people offered and burnt incense yet in the high places". 1 Kings 22:43 2 Chronicles 20:33
Chronicles adds Jehu son of Hanani's rebuke for helping Ahab: "Shouldest thou help the ungodly" — and also his praise: "there are good things found in thee". 2 Chronicles 19:2–3
Chronicles adds Eliezer's word that the LORD broke his ships because he joined with Ahaziah of Israel. 2 Chronicles 20:35–37

CHRONICLES GIVES IT AS

“doing that which was right in the sight of the LORD”

2 Chronicles 20:32 (KJV) →

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS

✓ Did right ✕ Did evil ◐ Mixed ● No verdict formula

THE KINGDOM

Jerusalem and the places of the reign

Judah (the south) · tribe of Judah. Only places Scripture names are shown, each where the Atlas puts it.

EVENTS

Wars, works and turning points

Each mark sits at the year of the reign the Bible gives for it.

UNDATED IN SCRIPTURE

THE NATION

What the nation did

He removed "the remnant of the sodomites" left from Asa's days. 1 Kings 22:46
Chronicles: he "sought not unto Baalim" and his heart "was lifted up in the ways of the LORD". 2 Chronicles 17:3–6
He brought people back to the LORD from Beersheba to mount Ephraim. 2 Chronicles 19:4

PROPHETS

Prophets of the reign

Mi Micaiah son of Imlah When Jehoshaphat asked for "a prophet of the LORD besides", Micaiah was brought and foretold Israel scattered and Ahab's death.
Je Jehu son of Hanani “Shouldest thou help the ungodly, and love them that hate the LORD?”
Ja Jahaziel “Be not afraid nor dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God’s.”
El Eliezer son of Dodavah “Because thou hast joined thyself with Ahaziah, the LORD hath broken thy works.”
El Elisha In the Moab campaign Elisha said he would not have looked at Israel's king "were it not that I regard the presence of Jehoshaphat".

ON THE WORLD STAGE

The powers of the day

ISRAEL (THE HOUSE OF OMRI)

Ahab · Ahaziah · Jehoram

MOAB

Mesha

TWO ACCOUNTS

Where Kings and Chronicles differ

Each ribbon joins the two accounts of one matter, passage to passage.

The ships

1 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

The high places

1 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

Only in Chronicles

1 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

DATES DIFFER

When was it?

SCRIPTURE'S NUMBERS

No years given

25 years (1 Kgs 22:42). Scripture gives lengths and cross-dates, never BC years.

THIELE, REVISED BY MCFALL (1991)

c. 873–848 BC[117]

Shared rule with Asa, 873–870 BC

Printed form: 870/869–848; co-regency from 873 (PDF p. 16).

YOUNG (2005), REVISING THIELE

c. 873–848 BC[130]

Shared rule with Asa, 873–871 BC

Printed form: 871/870–848; co-regency from 873/872 (p. 246 (Table 2)).

ALBRIGHT (1945)

c. 873–849 BC[161]

Printed form: c. 873–849 (p. 20).

TRADITIONAL DATES (USSHER, 1658)

c. 914–889 BC[106]

Printed form: 914–889 (p. 45 (scan leaf n27)).

Two kinds of high place

Matthew Poole (1683–85); John Gill (1748–63); J. R. Lumby (1886)

They removed the high places used for idols but left those where the LORD was worshipped unlawfully. 2 Chronicles 14:3 1 Kings 15:14 [118][109][97]

The kings tried, the people did not follow

C. F. Keil (1872); Ellicott's commentary

The kings abolished them but could not carry the reform through in the nation. Keil rejects the two-kinds view. 2 Chronicles 15:17 2 Chronicles 20:33 [23][38]

Removed in Judah, not in Israel

J. R. Lumby (1886)

Chronicles says he took them away "out of all the cities of Judah" but not "out of Israel". 2 Chronicles 14:5 2 Chronicles 15:17 [95]

Two traditions side by side

W. E. Barnes (1899)

The Chronicler incorporates traditions that contradict each other; if the removal happened, it had only partial success. 2 Chronicles 17:6 2 Chronicles 20:33 [146]

IN SCRIPTURE

Every passage

CHAPTERS · 8

1 Kings 15 1 Kings 22 2 Kings 3 2 Chronicles 17 2 Chronicles 18 2 Chronicles 19 2 Chronicles 20 2 Chronicles 21

PASSAGES · 9

1 Kings 15:24 1 Kings 22:1–50 1 Kings 22:51 2 Kings 3:1–27 2 Chronicles 17:1–19 2 Chronicles 18:1–34 2 Chronicles 19:1–11 2 Chronicles 20:1–37 2 Chronicles 21:1

WHAT SCRIPTURE DOES NOT SAY

Scripture does not say Jehoshaphat fought in the Moab campaign's final battle; it says the kings withdrew after Mesha sacrificed his son.
Scripture does not say who built Jehoshaphat's ships or how they were wrecked.
Scripture does not name the "deputy" who was king in Edom.

SOURCES

Where this page comes from

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W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:11 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:18 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:20 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:25 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:10 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:6 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), Introduction, §8.
W. F. Albright, "The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 100 (facts only) (1945), Chronological table, pp. 20–22.
C. F. Keil, tr. J. Martin, Biblical Commentary on the Books of the Kings (Keil and Delitzsch) (1872), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
J. R. Lumby, The Second Book of the Kings (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1887), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).

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