KING OF JUDAH · TWO KINGDOMS

Ahaziah. One year in Jerusalem, killed in Jehu's revolt.

REIGNEDi

1 year c. 842–841 BC (dates vary)

CAPITAL

Jerusalem

HOUSE

House of David 6th of 20 in Judah

VERDICT

✕ Did evil “and did evil in the sight of the LORD, as did the house of Ahab”

PROPHETS

None named

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS REHOBOAM → ZEDEKIAH

ACCESSION

How Ahaziah came to power

  • Chronicles says the people of Jerusalem made him king because raiders had killed all his older brothers. 2 Chronicles 22:1

SUCCESSION

The two kingdoms

THE VERDICT

How Scripture judges the reign

“and did evil in the sight of the LORD, as did the house of Ahab”

2 Kings 8:27 (KJV) →

“And he walked in the way of the house of Ahab”

2 Kings 8:27 (KJV) →

BUT ALSO

  • Chronicles says his destruction "was of God by coming to Joram", and that he was buried because he was "the son of Jehoshaphat, who sought the LORD with all his heart". 2 Chronicles 22:7 2 Chronicles 22:9

CHRONICLES GIVES IT AS

“Wherefore he did evil in the sight of the LORD like the house of Ahab”

2 Chronicles 22:4 (KJV) →

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS

✓ Did right ✕ Did evil ◐ Mixed ● No verdict formula

THE KINGDOM

Jerusalem and the places of the reign

Judah (the south) · tribe of Judah. Only places Scripture names are shown, each where the Atlas puts it.

EVENTS

Wars, works and turning points

UNDATED IN SCRIPTURE

THE NATION

What the nation did

  • He walked in the way of the house of Ahab, "for he was the son in law of the house of Ahab". 2 Kings 8:27

ON THE WORLD STAGE

The powers of the day

ARAM (DAMASCUS)

Hazael

ISRAEL

Joram son of Ahab · Jehu

OUTSIDE THE BIBLE

OUTSIDE THE BIBLE · ABOUT 840 BC

The Tel Dan stele

TWO ACCOUNTS

Where Kings and Chronicles differ

Each ribbon joins the two accounts of one matter, passage to passage.

His age

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

How he died

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

When he began

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

DATES DIFFER

When was it?

SCRIPTURE'S NUMBERS

No years given

1 year (2 Kgs 8:26). Scripture gives lengths and cross-dates, never BC years.

THIELE, REVISED BY MCFALL (1991)

c. 842–841 BC[117]

Shared rule with Jehoram, 842–841 BC

Printed form: 841; co-regency from 842 (PDF p. 19).

YOUNG (2005), REVISING THIELE

c. 841 BC[130]

Printed form: 841 (p. 246 (Table 2)).

ALBRIGHT (1945)

c. 842 BC[161]

Printed form: c. 842 (p. 21).

TRADITIONAL DATES (USSHER, 1658)

c. 886–884 BC[106]

Shared rule with Jehoram, 886–885 BC

Printed form: 885–884 (p. 49 (scan leaf n29)).

Two reckonings: co-king and sole king

Geneva Bible notes (1599); Kimchi and Abarbanel (as reported by John Gill, 1748–63)

He was made king at twenty-two while his father lived, and confirmed at forty-two. John Gill rejected this as received "without any proof". 2 Kings 8:26 2 Chronicles 22:2 [75][111]

Forty-two years of his mother's dynasty

John Lightfoot (as reported by Jamieson, Fausset and Brown, 1871); Matthew Poole (1683–85)

Forty-two counts the years of the house of Omri, not his age. 2 Chronicles 22:2 [134][123]

A copyist confused two numeral letters

C. F. Keil (1872); J. R. Lumby (1887); John Gill; Pulpit Commentary (1881)

The Hebrew letters for 20 and 40 were confused; forty-two is impossible, since his father died at forty. 2 Chronicles 21:20 2 Chronicles 22:2 [32][102][89][111]

IN SCRIPTURE

Every passage

CHAPTERS · 5

2 Kings 8 2 Kings 9 2 Kings 10 2 Chronicles 21 2 Chronicles 22

PASSAGES · 5

2 Kings 8:24–29 2 Kings 9:16–29 2 Kings 10:12–14 2 Chronicles 21:17 2 Chronicles 22:1–9

WHAT SCRIPTURE DOES NOT SAY

  • Scripture does not name Ahaziah's wife here; Zibiah of Beersheba is named later as the mother of his son Joash.
  • No prophet is said to have spoken to Ahaziah himself.

IDENTIFICATIONS THIS PAGE RELIES ON

  • From the textChronicles also calls him Jehoahaz (as Jehoram's youngest son) and, once, Azariah. He is not Ahaziah son of Ahab, king of Israel. 2 Chronicles 21:17 2 Chronicles 22:1 2 Chronicles 22:6

SOURCES

Where this page comes from

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  • C. J. Ellicott (ed.), A Bible Commentary for English Readers (c. 1878–1884), note on 2 Kgs 24:6 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 1 Kgs 15:2 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Chr 16:1 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Chr 24:20 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 15:5 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 16:20 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 16:5 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 18:13 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 23:29 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 25:8 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 8:26 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • J. R. Lumby, The First Book of the Kings (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1886), note on 1 Kgs 15:2 (read on Bible Hub).
  • J. R. Lumby, The First Book of the Kings (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1886), note on 1 Kgs 22:43 (read on Bible Hub).
  • J. R. Lumby, The Second Book of the Kings (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1887), note on 2 Kgs 16:20 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • J. R. Lumby, The Second Book of the Kings (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1887), note on 2 Kgs 24:8 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • John Gill, An Exposition of the Old Testament (1748–1763), note on 1 Kgs 15:2 (read on Bible Hub).
  • John Gill, An Exposition of the Old Testament (1748–1763), note on 2 Chr 20:33 (read on Bible Hub).
  • John Gill, An Exposition of the Old Testament (1748–1763), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • John Gill, An Exposition of the Old Testament (1748–1763), note on 2 Chr 22:2 (read on Bible Hub).
  • John Gill, An Exposition of the Old Testament (1748–1763), note on 2 Chr 28:5 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • Joseph Benson, Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Joseph Benson, Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818), note on 2 Chr 36:6 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 1 Kgs 15:16 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 13:2 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 16:1 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 22:2 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 35:25 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 36:10 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Kgs 23:29 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Kgs 24:8 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Kgs 25:8 (read on Bible Hub).
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Kgs 9:27 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on 2 Chr 16:1 (read on Bible Hub).
  • R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on 2 Chr 22:2 (read on Bible Hub).
  • R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on Jer 22:19 (read on Bible Hub).
  • R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on Jer 52:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), p. 311, note 1; p. 314.
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), p. 322.
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), pp. 343–345.
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), p. 356.
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  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 12:2 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 12:9 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 15:19 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 16:1 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 17:6 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 22:9 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 25:14 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 26:1 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 28:27 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 28:5 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:11 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:18 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:20 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:25 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:10 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:6 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), Introduction, §8.
  • W. F. Albright, "The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 100 (facts only) (1945), Chronological table, pp. 20–22.
  • C. F. Keil, tr. J. Martin, Biblical Commentary on the Books of the Kings (Keil and Delitzsch) (1872), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
  • J. R. Lumby, The Second Book of the Kings (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1887), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).

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