KING OF JUDAH · TWO KINGDOMS

Jehoram. Eight years in Jerusalem, married into Ahab's house.

REIGNEDi

8 years c. 854–841 BC (dates vary)

CAPITAL

Jerusalem

HOUSE

House of David 5th of 20 in Judah

VERDICT

✕ Did evil “and he did evil in the sight of the LORD”

PROPHETS

Elijah

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS REHOBOAM → ZEDEKIAH

ACCESSION

How Jehoram came to power

  • Kings dates his start to the fifth year of Joram of Israel, "Jehoshaphat being then king of Judah". 2 Kings 8:16
  • Chronicles says that once he was established he killed all his brothers and some of Israel's princes. 2 Chronicles 21:4

SUCCESSION

The two kingdoms

THE VERDICT

How Scripture judges the reign

“and he did evil in the sight of the LORD”

2 Kings 8:18 (KJV) →

“And he walked in the way of the kings of Israel, as did the house of Ahab: for the daughter of Ahab was his wife”

2 Kings 8:18 (KJV) →

BUT ALSO

  • Yet the LORD would not destroy Judah "for David his servant's sake", having promised him a light. 2 Kings 8:19 2 Chronicles 21:7
  • Chronicles adds that he "departed without being desired". 2 Chronicles 21:20

CHRONICLES GIVES IT AS

“and he wrought that which was evil in the eyes of the LORD”

2 Chronicles 21:6 (KJV) →

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS

✓ Did right ✕ Did evil ◐ Mixed ● No verdict formula

THE KINGDOM

Jerusalem and the places of the reign

Judah (the south) · tribe of Judah. Only places Scripture names are shown, each where the Atlas puts it.

EVENTS

Wars, works and turning points

UNDATED IN SCRIPTURE

THE NATION

What the nation did

  • He walked "in the way of the kings of Israel" like the house of Ahab. 2 Kings 8:18
  • He made high places in the mountains of Judah (Chronicles). 2 Chronicles 21:11

PROPHETS

Prophets of the reign

  • El Elijah “And thou shalt have great sickness by disease of thy bowels, until thy bowels fall out by reason of the sickness day by day.”

ON THE WORLD STAGE

The powers of the day

ISRAEL (THE HOUSE OF OMRI)

Jehoram (Joram) son of Ahab · Ahab

TWO ACCOUNTS

Where Kings and Chronicles differ

Each ribbon joins the two accounts of one matter, passage to passage.

His end

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

His sons

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

Only in Chronicles

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

DATES DIFFER

When was it?

SCRIPTURE'S NUMBERS

No years given

8 years (2 Kgs 8:17). Scripture gives lengths and cross-dates, never BC years.

THIELE, REVISED BY MCFALL (1991)

c. 854–841 BC[117]

Shared rule with Jehoshaphat, 854–848 BC

Printed form: 848–841; co-regency from 854 (PDF p. 18).

YOUNG (2005), REVISING THIELE

c. 854–841 BC[130]

Shared rule with Jehoshaphat, 854–848 BC

Printed form: 848–841; co-regency from 854/853 (p. 246 (Table 2)).

ALBRIGHT (1945)

c. 849–842 BC[161]

Printed form: c. 849–842 (p. 21).

TRADITIONAL DATES (USSHER, 1658)

c. 898–885 BC[106]

Shared rule with Jehoshaphat, 898–889 BC

Printed form: 889–885; co-regency from 898 (viceroy, A.M. 3106) / 892 (consort, A.M. 3112) (p. 48 (scan leaf n29)).

A viceroy and then a consort before reigning alone

James Ussher (1658)

Ussher made Jehoram viceroy in 898 BC and his father's consort in 892, reigning alone from 889. 2 Kings 1:17 2 Kings 8:16 [106]

A co-regency with Jehoshaphat from 854 BC

L. McFall (1991), revising E. R. Thiele

2 Kgs 1:17 counts from Jehoram's co-regency (from September 854); 2 Kgs 8:16 marks his sole reign from 848; the phrase "Jehoshaphat being then king" need not be cut from the text. 2 Kings 1:17 2 Kings 3:1 2 Kings 8:16 [117]

IN SCRIPTURE

Every passage

CHAPTERS · 4

1 Kings 22 2 Kings 1 2 Kings 8 2 Chronicles 21

PASSAGES · 4

1 Kings 22:50 2 Kings 1:17 2 Kings 8:16–24 2 Chronicles 21:1–20

WHAT SCRIPTURE DOES NOT SAY

  • Scripture does not name Jehoram's mother. He is one of only two kings of Judah whose mother Kings leaves out; the other is Ahaz.
  • Kings does not name Jehoram's wife at this point; it calls her "the daughter of Ahab". Her name, Athaliah, comes with her son's record.
  • Scripture does not say when Elijah wrote the letter.

IDENTIFICATIONS THIS PAGE RELIES ON

  • From the textHe is called both Jehoram and Joram in the same chapter of Kings. He is not the Jehoram (Joram) son of Ahab who reigned in Israel at the same time. 2 Kings 8:16 2 Kings 8:21 2 Kings 8:25

SOURCES

Where this page comes from

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  • R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 15:19 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 16:1 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 17:6 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 22:9 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 25:14 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 26:1 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 28:27 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 28:5 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:11 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:18 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:20 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:25 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:10 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:6 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), Introduction, §8.
  • W. F. Albright, "The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 100 (facts only) (1945), Chronological table, pp. 20–22.
  • C. F. Keil, tr. J. Martin, Biblical Commentary on the Books of the Kings (Keil and Delitzsch) (1872), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
  • J. R. Lumby, The Second Book of the Kings (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1887), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).

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