KING OF JUDAH · TWO KINGDOMS

Asa. Forty-one years in Jerusalem.

REIGNEDi

41 years c. 911–870 BC (dates vary)

CAPITAL

Jerusalem

HOUSE

House of David 3rd of 20 in Judah

VERDICT

✓ Did right “And Asa did that which was right in the eyes of the LORD, as did David his father.”

PROPHETS

Azariah son of Oded · Hanani the seer

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS REHOBOAM → ZEDEKIAH

SUCCESSION

The two kingdoms

THE VERDICT

How Scripture judges the reign

“And Asa did that which was right in the eyes of the LORD, as did David his father.”

1 Kings 15:11 (KJV) →

“nevertheless Asa’s heart was perfect with the LORD all his days”

1 Kings 15:14 (KJV) →

BUT ALSO

  • But also: "the high places were not removed". 1 Kings 15:14 2 Chronicles 15:17
  • Chronicles adds that when he relied on the king of Syria against Baasha, Hanani the seer rebuked him; Asa put him in prison and "oppressed some of the people". 2 Chronicles 16:7–10
  • Chronicles adds that in his disease "he sought not to the LORD, but to the physicians". 2 Chronicles 16:12

CHRONICLES GIVES IT AS

“And Asa did that which was good and right in the eyes of the LORD his God”

2 Chronicles 14:2 (KJV) →

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS

✓ Did right ✕ Did evil ◐ Mixed ● No verdict formula

THE KINGDOM

Jerusalem and the places of the reign

Judah (the south) · tribe of Judah. Only places Scripture names are shown, each where the Atlas puts it.

EVENTS

Wars, works and turning points

Each mark sits at the year of the reign the Bible gives for it.

UNDATED IN SCRIPTURE

THE NATION

What the nation did

  • Idols and the sodomites removed; the queen mother's idol burnt. 1 Kings 15:12–13
  • A covenant to seek the LORD, with death for whoever would not (Chronicles). 2 Chronicles 15:12–13
  • Yet the high places were not removed. 1 Kings 15:14

PROPHETS

Prophets of the reign

  • Az Azariah son of Oded “The LORD is with you, while ye be with him; and if ye seek him, he will be found of you; but if ye forsake him, he will forsake you.”
  • Ha Hanani the seer “Herein thou hast done foolishly: therefore from henceforth thou shalt have wars.”

ON THE WORLD STAGE

The powers of the day

ARAM (DAMASCUS)

Ben-hadad son of Tabrimon

CUSH (ETHIOPIA)

Zerah the Ethiopian

TWO ACCOUNTS

Where Kings and Chronicles differ

Each ribbon joins the two accounts of one matter, passage to passage.

When Baasha came against him

1 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

War and peace

1 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

The high places

1 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

His last years

1 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

Only in Chronicles

1 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

DATES DIFFER

When was it?

SCRIPTURE'S NUMBERS

No years given

41 years (1 Kgs 15:10). Scripture gives lengths and cross-dates, never BC years.

THIELE, REVISED BY MCFALL (1991)

c. 911–870 BC[117]

Printed form: 911/910–870/869 (PDF p. 11).

YOUNG (2005), REVISING THIELE

c. 912–871 BC[130]

Printed form: 912/911–871/870 (p. 246 (Table 2)).

ALBRIGHT (1945)

c. 913–873 BC[161]

Printed form: c. 913–873 (p. 20).

TRADITIONAL DATES (USSHER, 1658)

c. 955–914 BC[106]

Printed form: 955–914 (p. 42 (scan leaf n26)). The 1658 margin misprints the year as 965 [sic]; its own year-of-the-world column gives 955.

Raised him, so called mother

John Gill (1748–63)

She is called his mother "not because she brought him forth, but because she brought him up". 1 Kings 15:10 [107]

Grandmother who kept the queen mother's office

C. F. Keil (1872)

Abijam's mother Maachah stayed queen mother into Asa's reign, perhaps because Asa's own mother died early, until he deposed her. 1 Kings 15:10 1 Kings 15:13 [22]

Hard to solve; perhaps the grandmother kept her place

Pulpit Commentary (1881), after K. Bähr's doubt

Bähr doubted that the Hebrew word for mother can mean grandmother here. The note grants that the difficulty "by no means admits of a ready solution", but suggests the best explanation is that the grandmother kept her position, perhaps because Asa's own mother was dead. 1 Kings 15:10 [78]

IN SCRIPTURE

Every passage

CHAPTERS · 5

1 Kings 15 1 Kings 16 2 Chronicles 14 2 Chronicles 15 2 Chronicles 16

PASSAGES · 10

1 Kings 15:8–24 1 Kings 15:25 1 Kings 15:33 1 Kings 16:8 1 Kings 16:15 1 Kings 16:23 1 Kings 16:29 2 Chronicles 14:1–15 2 Chronicles 15:1–19 2 Chronicles 16:1–14

WHAT SCRIPTURE DOES NOT SAY

  • Scripture does not give Asa's age when he began to reign.
  • Scripture does not name Asa's disease beyond its being "in his feet".
  • Scripture does not say who Zerah the Ethiopian served or where he came from beyond "Ethiopians and Lubims".

SOURCES

Where this page comes from

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  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on 2 Chr 22:2 (read on Bible Hub).
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  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 12:9 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 15:19 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 16:1 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 17:6 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 22:9 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 25:14 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 26:1 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 28:27 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 28:5 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:11 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:18 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:20 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:25 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:10 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:6 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).
  • W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), Introduction, §8.
  • W. F. Albright, "The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 100 (facts only) (1945), Chronological table, pp. 20–22.
  • C. F. Keil, tr. J. Martin, Biblical Commentary on the Books of the Kings (Keil and Delitzsch) (1872), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
  • J. R. Lumby, The Second Book of the Kings (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1887), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
  • H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).

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