Ahaz: the Reign · Bible Guide

KING OF JUDAH · TWO KINGDOMS

Ahaz. Sixteen years in Jerusalem, Assyria's servant.

REIGNEDi

16 years c. 735–715 BC (dates vary)

CAPITAL

Jerusalem

HOUSE

House of David 12th of 20 in Judah

VERDICT

✕ Did evil “and did not that which was right in the sight of the LORD his God, like David his father”

PROPHETS

Isaiah son of Amoz · Oded · Micah the Morasthite · Hosea

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS REHOBOAM → ZEDEKIAH

SUCCESSION

The two kingdoms

THE VERDICT

How Scripture judges the reign

“and did not that which was right in the sight of the LORD his God, like David his father”

2 Kings 16:2 (KJV) →

“But he walked in the way of the kings of Israel, yea, and made his son to pass through the fire”

2 Kings 16:3 (KJV) →

BUT ALSO

Chronicles adds that in his distress "did he trespass yet more against the LORD: this is that king Ahaz". 2 Chronicles 28:22
Chronicles: he shut the doors of the house of the LORD and made altars in every corner of Jerusalem. 2 Chronicles 28:24

CHRONICLES GIVES IT AS

“but he did not that which was right in the sight of the LORD, like David his father”

2 Chronicles 28:1 (KJV) →

JUDAH (THE SOUTH): 20 RULERS

✓ Did right ✕ Did evil ◐ Mixed ● No verdict formula

THE KINGDOM

Jerusalem and the places of the reign

Judah (the south) · tribe of Judah. Only places Scripture names are shown, each where the Atlas puts it.

EVENTS

Wars, works and turning points

UNDATED IN SCRIPTURE

THE NATION

What the nation did

Sacrifice and incense on the high places, hills and under every green tree. 2 Kings 16:4
Molten images for Baalim; high places in every city of Judah (Chronicles). 2 Chronicles 28:2 2 Chronicles 28:25

PROPHETS

Prophets of the reign

Is Isaiah son of Amoz “Take heed, and be quiet; fear not, neither be fainthearted for the two tails of these smoking firebrands”
Od Oded “Now hear me therefore, and deliver the captives again, which ye have taken captive of your brethren”
Mi Micah the Morasthite Dated to the days of Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah.
Ho Hosea Dated to the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah.

ON THE WORLD STAGE

The powers of the day

ASSYRIA

Tiglath-pileser

ARAM AND ISRAEL

Rezin · Pekah · Hoshea

OUTSIDE THE BIBLE

OUTSIDE THE BIBLE · ABOUT 734–732 BC (TABLET ABOUT 728 BC)

Tiglath-pileser III's tribute list

TWO ACCOUNTS

Where Kings and Chronicles differ

Each ribbon joins the two accounts of one matter, passage to passage.

The war with Syria and Israel

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

Did Assyria help?

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

His burial

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

The temple

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

DATES DIFFER

When was it?

SCRIPTURE'S NUMBERS

No years given

16 years (2 Kgs 16:2). Scripture gives lengths and cross-dates, never BC years.

THIELE, REVISED BY MCFALL (1991)

c. 735–715 BC[117]

Shared rule with Jotham, 735–732 BC

Printed form: 732/731–715; co-regency from 735 (PDF p. 30).

YOUNG (2005), REVISING THIELE

c. 735–716 BC[130]

Shared rule with Jotham, 735–732 BC

Printed form: 732/731–716/715; co-regency from 735 (p. 246 (Table 2)).

ALBRIGHT (1945)

c. 735–715 BC[161]

Printed form: c. 735–715 (p. 22).

TRADITIONAL DATES (USSHER, 1658)

c. 742–726 BC[106]

Printed form: 742–726 (p. 61 (scan leaf n35)). The 1658 margin misprints the year as 740 [sic]; its own year-of-the-world column gives 742.

Two campaigns

John Gill (1748–63)

The defeat in Chronicles was an earlier expedition than the siege in Kings. 2 Chronicles 28:5 2 Kings 16:5 [112]

Kings gives only the last event

C. F. Keil (1872)

The accounts complete each other: Kings mentions only the final and chief event, the failed siege. 2 Kings 16:5 [27]

Chronicles' numbers may be high

Pulpit Commentary (1881); Ellicott's commentary

Pekah won a great victory, perhaps exaggerated; the totals are round numbers. 2 Chronicles 28:6–8 [85][42]

Different emphasis

W. E. Barnes (1899)

Kings stresses the allies' failure to take Jerusalem; Chronicles the damage to Judah. Thus far they supplement each other. 2 Chronicles 28:5 [152]

IN SCRIPTURE

Every passage

CHAPTERS · 7

2 Kings 15 2 Kings 16 2 Kings 17 2 Chronicles 27 2 Chronicles 28 Isaiah 7 Isaiah 14

PASSAGES · 7

2 Kings 15:38 2 Kings 16:1–20 2 Kings 17:1 2 Chronicles 27:9 2 Chronicles 28:1–27 Isaiah 7:1–17 Isaiah 14:28

WHAT SCRIPTURE DOES NOT SAY

Scripture does not name Ahaz's mother; he and Jehoram are the two kings of Judah whose mothers Kings leaves out.
Scripture does not say which son of Ahaz passed through the fire.

SOURCES

Where this page comes from

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H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
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H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 16:5 (read on Bible Hub).
H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 18:13 (read on Bible Hub).
H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 23:29 (read on Bible Hub).
H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 25:8 (read on Bible Hub).
H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Kgs 8:26 (read on Bible Hub).
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John Gill, An Exposition of the Old Testament (1748–1763), note on 1 Kgs 15:2 (read on Bible Hub).
John Gill, An Exposition of the Old Testament (1748–1763), note on 2 Chr 20:33 (read on Bible Hub).
John Gill, An Exposition of the Old Testament (1748–1763), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
John Gill, An Exposition of the Old Testament (1748–1763), note on 2 Chr 22:2 (read on Bible Hub).
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Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 1 Kgs 15:16 (read on Bible Hub).
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Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 16:1 (read on Bible Hub).
Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 22:2 (read on Bible Hub).
Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 35:25 (read on Bible Hub).
Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Chr 36:10 (read on Bible Hub).
Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Kgs 23:29 (read on Bible Hub).
Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1683–1685), note on 2 Kgs 24:8 (read on Bible Hub).
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R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
R. Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and D. Brown, A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Whole Bible (1871), note on 2 Chr 22:2 (read on Bible Hub).
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W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 15:19 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 16:1 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 17:6 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 21:12 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 22:9 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 25:14 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 26:1 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 28:27 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 28:5 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:11 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 33:18 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:20 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 35:25 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:10 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:6 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).
W. E. Barnes, The Books of Chronicles (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1899), Introduction, §8.
W. F. Albright, "The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 100 (facts only) (1945), Chronological table, pp. 20–22.
C. F. Keil, tr. J. Martin, Biblical Commentary on the Books of the Kings (Keil and Delitzsch) (1872), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
J. R. Lumby, The Second Book of the Kings (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges) (1887), note on 2 Kgs 15:30 (read on Bible Hub).
H. D. M. Spence and J. S. Exell (eds.), The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1897), note on 2 Chr 36:9 (read on Bible Hub).

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