KING OF ISRAEL · TWO KINGDOMS

Jehoash. Sixteen years; three victories over Syria and one over Judah.

REIGNEDi

16 years c. 798–782 BC (dates vary)

CAPITAL

Samaria

HOUSE

House of Jehu 12th of 19 in Israel

VERDICT

✕ Did evil “he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD”

PROPHETS

Elisha · A man of God

ISRAEL (THE NORTH): 19 RULERS JEROBOAM I → HOSHEA

ACCESSION

How Jehoash came to power

  • “Joash his son reigned in his stead.” 2 Kings 13:9

SUCCESSION

The two kingdoms

THE VERDICT

How Scripture judges the reign

“he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD”

2 Kings 13:11 (KJV) →

“he departed not from all the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel sin: but he walked therein”

2 Kings 13:11 (KJV) →

BUT ALSO

  • From the textKings gives his closing formula twice, once after his accession (13:12-13) and again after the war with Amaziah (14:15-16). 2 Kings 13:12–13 2 Kings 14:15–16

ISRAEL (THE NORTH): 19 RULERS

✓ Did right ✕ Did evil ◐ Mixed ● No verdict formula

THE KINGDOM

Samaria and the places of the reign

Israel (the north). Only places Scripture names are shown, each where the Atlas puts it.

EVENTS

Wars, works and turning points

UNDATED IN SCRIPTURE

THE NATION

What the nation did

  • He walked in the sins of Jeroboam. 2 Kings 13:11

PROPHETS

Prophets of the reign

  • El Elisha “The arrow of the LORD’s deliverance, and the arrow of deliverance from Syria”
  • Am A man of God Told Amaziah not to take Israel's army with him: “the LORD is not with Israel”.

ON THE WORLD STAGE

The powers of the day

ARAM (SYRIA) OF DAMASCUS

Ben-hadad son of Hazael

JUDAH

Amaziah

ASSYRIA

Adad-nirari III

OUTSIDE THE BIBLE

OUTSIDE THE BIBLE · REIGN 805–782 BC (LUCKENBILL)

Nimrud (Calah) slab of Adad-nirari III

TWO ACCOUNTS

Where Kings and Chronicles differ

Each ribbon joins the two accounts of one matter, passage to passage.

The war with Amaziah

2 KINGS

2 CHRONICLES

The hired Israelite army

FIRST ACCOUNT

2 CHRONICLES

DATES DIFFER

When was it?

THIELE, AS REVISED BY MCFALL AND YOUNG

c. 798–782 BC[1]

798 to 782/781 BC

ALBRIGHT (1945)

c. 801–786 BC[24]

Printed form: c. 801–786 (p. 21); printed as Joash; 16 years.

TRADITIONAL (USSHER, 1658)

841–825 BC[2]

Shared rule with Jehoahaz, 841–839 BC

Joined to his father's rule in the year of the world 3163; dies 3179 (Annals, pp. 51–52)

IN SCRIPTURE

Every passage

CHAPTERS · 3

2 Kings 13 2 Kings 14 2 Chronicles 25

PASSAGES · 5

2 Kings 13:9–25 2 Kings 14:1 2 Kings 14:8–17 2 Chronicles 25:6–13 2 Chronicles 25:17–25

WHAT SCRIPTURE DOES NOT SAY

  • Scripture gives no age or mother's name for Jehoash of Israel.
  • Kings does not say which cities he recovered from Ben-hadad.

IDENTIFICATIONS THIS PAGE RELIES ON

  • Kings calls him both “Jehoash” and “Joash”; his contemporary in Judah was Joash (Jehoash) son of Ahaziah, a different king. 2 Kings 13:10 2 Kings 13:13

SOURCES

Where this page comes from

  • Rodger C. Young, Chronological tables: Table 1, Chronology of the Kings of Israel; Table 3, Synchronisms, Israel to Judah (Thiele's system as revised by McFall and Young; dates cited as facts only) (undated web tables, read 2026-10-07), Tables 1 and 3.
  • James Ussher, The Annals of the World (English translation of the Annales) (1658), The fifth Age of the World, pp. 40–69 (read from the page scans).
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 1 (Shalmaneser III to Tiglath-pileser III) (1926), §594 (the Monolith Inscription from Kurkh) and §611, p. 223.
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 1 (Shalmaneser III to Tiglath-pileser III) (1926), §553 (the Black Obelisk) and §590, p. 211.
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 1 (Shalmaneser III to Tiglath-pileser III) (1926), §672, p. 243 (annals, 18th year).
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 1 (Shalmaneser III to Tiglath-pileser III) (1926), §§732, 739–740, pp. 260–263 (Adad-nirari III: reign dates; the slab from Calah).
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 1 (Shalmaneser III to Tiglath-pileser III) (1926), §772, p. 276 (Tiglath-pileser III, annals).
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 1 (Shalmaneser III to Tiglath-pileser III) (1926), §779, pp. 279–280 (Tiglath-pileser III).
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 1 (Shalmaneser III to Tiglath-pileser III) (1926), §§815–816, p. 293 (Tiglath-pileser III, fragmentary annals text).
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 2 (Sargon onward) (1927), §4, p. 2 (Sargon's annals, year 1).
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 2 (Sargon onward) (1927), §55, p. 26 (Sargon's display inscription).
  • D. D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, vol. 2 (Sargon onward) (1927), §1198, p. 437 (eponym list with notes, years 727–723).
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), p. 296 (Monolith, Qarqar).
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), p. 304 (Black Obelisk, with Rogers's note 2 on “mar Humri”).
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), p. 308 (Tiglath-pileser and “Pulu”).
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), p. 316 (Tiglath-pileser's annals, line 150).
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), pp. 319–321 (Tiglath-pileser on Pekah and Hoshea).
  • R. W. Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (1912), pp. 323, 326 and 331 (Sargon and the fall of Samaria).
  • S. R. Driver, Notes on the Hebrew Text of the Books of Samuel (Appendix: the Inscription of Mesha) (1890), pp. lxxxvii–lxxxviii (translation), lxxxix and xciv.
  • A. H. Sayce, “Moabite Stone”, International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia, vol. 3 (1915), p. 2072 (checked against the 1915 scan).
  • Edward Mack, “Chronology of the Old Testament”, International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia, vol. 1 (1915), pp. 639–640 (checked against the 1915 scan).
  • A. K. Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles, Chronicle 1 (facts only; copyrighted, read in Livius's reproduction) (1975), Chronicle 1, column i, lines 27–28.
  • A. Biran and J. Naveh, “An Aramaic Stele Fragment from Tel Dan” (1993) and “The Tel Dan Inscription: A New Fragment” (1995), Israel Exploration Journal 43 and 45 (facts only; copyrighted) (1993, 1995), IEJ 43 (1993) 81–98; IEJ 45 (1995) 1–18.
  • W. F. Albright, "The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 100 (facts only) (1945), Chronological table, pp. 20–22.

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