CHRIST IN THE LETTERS · HIS LIFE · CROSS AND CROWN · A SHARED THREAD · REMEMBERED TOGETHER

What he did

His life as the letters remember it, his death, rising and return, and how the churches remembered him.

HIS LIFE

His life as the letters recall it

What the letters remember of his life.

  • Types of Christ 46
  • Prophecies Respecting Christ 17
  • Hatred to Christ 2

Types of Christ

  • Adam Romans 5:14 1 Corinthians 15:45
  • Abel Hebrews 12:24
  • Abraham Ephesians 3:15
  • Aaron Hebrews 5:4 Hebrews 5:5 Hebrews 9:7 Hebrews 9:24
  • Ark 1 Peter 3:20 1 Peter 3:21
  • Atonement, sacrifices offered on the day of Hebrews 9:12 Hebrews 9:24
  • Brazen altar Hebrews 13:10
  • Burnt offering Hebrews 10:10
  • Cities of refuge Hebrews 6:18
  • David Philippians 2:9
  • First-fruits 1 Corinthians 15:20
  • Golden altar Hebrews 13:15
  • Isaac Hebrews 11:17–19
  • Jacob Hebrews 7:25
  • Joshua Hebrews 4:8 Hebrews 4:9
  • Laver of brass Ephesians 5:26 Ephesians 5:27
  • Leper’s offering Romans 4:25
  • Melchizedek Hebrews 7:1–17
  • Mercy-seat Romans 3:25 Hebrews 4:16
  • Moses Hebrews 3:2
  • Noah 2 Corinthians 1:5
  • Paschal lamb 1 Corinthians 5:7
  • Peace offerings Ephesians 2:14 Ephesians 2:16
  • Red heifer Hebrews 9:13 Hebrews 9:14
  • Rock of Horeb 1 Corinthians 10:4
  • Samson Colossians 2:14 Colossians 2:15
  • Sin offering Hebrews 13:11 Hebrews 13:12
  • Solomon 1 Peter 2:5
  • Tabernacle Hebrews 9:11 Colossians 2:9
  • Vail of the tabernacle and temple Hebrews 10:20
  • Zerubbabel Hebrews 12:2 Hebrews 12:3

From Torrey's New Topical Textbook (public domain), "Foretold, life & ministry", keeping only the passages in the twenty-one letters.

CROSS AND CROWN

The cross, the rising and the return

His death, his rising and his return, in the letters.

  • The Atonement 86
  • The Second Coming of Christ 70
  • The Resurrection of Christ 35
  • The Ascension of Christ 16
  • The Death of Christ 11

The Atonement

  • Explained Romans 5:8–11 2 Corinthians 5:18 2 Corinthians 5:19 Galatians 1:4 1 John 2:2 1 John 4:10
  • Foreordained Romans 3:25 1 Peter 1:11 1 Peter 1:20
  • Effected by Christ alone 1 Thessalonians 1:10 1 Timothy 2:5 1 Timothy 2:6 Hebrews 2:9 1 Peter 2:24
  • Was voluntary Hebrews 10:5–9
  • Exhibits the Grace and mercy of God Romans 8:32 Ephesians 2:4 Ephesians 2:5 Ephesians 2:7 1 Timothy 2:4 Hebrews 2:9
  • Exhibits the Love of God Romans 5:8 1 John 4:9 1 John 4:10
  • Exhibits the Love of Christ Galatians 2:20 Ephesians 5:2 Ephesians 5:25
  • Reconciles the justice and mercy of God Romans 3:25 Romans 3:26
  • Necessity for Hebrews 9:22
  • Made but once Hebrews 7:27 Hebrews 9:24–28 Hebrews 10:10 Hebrews 10:12 Hebrews 10:14 1 Peter 3:18
  • Acceptable to God Ephesians 5:2
  • Reconciliation to God effected by Romans 5:10 2 Corinthians 5:18–20 Ephesians 2:13–16 Colossians 1:20–22 Hebrews 2:17 1 Peter 3:18
  • Access to God by Hebrews 10:19 Hebrews 10:20
  • Remission of sins by Romans 3:25 Ephesians 1:7 1 John 1:7
  • Justification by Romans 5:9 2 Corinthians 5:21
  • Sanctification by 2 Corinthians 5:15 Ephesians 5:26 Ephesians 5:27 Titus 2:14 Hebrews 10:10 Hebrews 13:12
  • Redemption by 1 Timothy 2:6 Hebrews 9:12
  • Has delivered saints from the Power of sin Romans 8:3 1 Peter 1:18 1 Peter 1:19
  • Has delivered saints from the Power of the World Galatians 1:4 Galatians 6:14
  • Has delivered saints from the Power of the devil Colossians 2:15 Hebrews 2:14 Hebrews 2:15
  • Saints glorify God for 1 Corinthians 6:20 Galatians 2:20 Philippians 1:20 Philippians 1:21
  • Saints rejoice in God for Romans 5:11
  • Faith in, indispensable Romans 3:25 Galatians 3:13 Galatians 3:14
  • Commemorated in the Lord’s supper 1 Corinthians 11:23–26
  • Ministers should fully set forth 1 Corinthians 15:3 2 Corinthians 5:18–21
  • Typified Hebrews 11:4 Hebrews 11:17 Hebrews 11:19 1 Corinthians 5:7 Hebrews 9:20 Hebrews 9:7 Hebrews 9:12 Hebrews 9:28 Hebrews 9:22

From Torrey's New Topical Textbook (public domain), "Cross, resurrection & return", keeping only the passages in the twenty-one letters.

A SHARED THREAD

The Lord's coming

One of the threads that run through every collection.

The Lord's coming

The same Greek word, parousia ("coming, presence"), names Christ's return in 1 Corinthians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, James ("the coming of the Lord draweth nigh"), 2 Peter ("where is the promise of his coming?") and 1 John (counted in the site's Greek text). Deissmann showed it was the everyday word for the state visit of a king or emperor. Hebrews says instead that Christ will "appear the second time"; Titus and 1 Peter speak of his "appearing" and of "the end of all things". 1 Corinthians 15:23 1 Thessalonians 4:15–17 2 Thessalonians 2:1 James 5:7–8 2 Peter 3:4 1 John 2:28 +3 more [3]

REMEMBERED TOGETHER

The Lord's table and baptism

The ordinances and fellowship of the churches, in the letters.

  • Communion of Saints 19
  • Communion of the Lord’s Supper 15
  • Baptism 12
  • Divisions 10

Communion of Saints

  • Is with God 1 John 1:3
  • Is with Saints in heaven Hebrews 12:22–24
  • Is with Each other Galatians 2:9 1 John 1:3 1 John 1:7
  • In public and social worship Hebrews 10:25
  • In the Lord’s supper 1 Corinthians 10:17
  • In prayer for each other 2 Corinthians 1:11 Ephesians 6:18
  • In exhortation Colossians 3:16 Hebrews 10:25
  • In mutual comfort and edification 1 Thessalonians 4:18 1 Thessalonians 5:11
  • In mutual sympathy and kindness Romans 12:15 Ephesians 4:32
  • Delight of Romans 15:32
  • Exhortation to Ephesians 4:1–3
  • Opposed to communion with the wicked 2 Corinthians 6:14–17 Ephesians 5:11

From Torrey's New Topical Textbook (public domain), "Ordinances & fellowship", keeping only the passages in the twenty-one letters.

WHERE THIS PAGE COMES FROM

  • Adolf Deissmann (trans. Lionel R. M. Strachan), Light from the Ancient East (1910), ch. III, the twenty-one ancient letters: pp. 147-149 (address and salutation), 153 n. 2 (dictation and the autograph close), 158-159 (letters of commendation; closing in one's own hand), 167-172 (Apion's letters: health-wish, thanks, intercession, greetings, farewell), 176-178 notes ("I would have you know").
  • Adolf Deissmann (trans. Lionel R. M. Strachan), Light from the Ancient East (1910), ch. III, §§4-8: pp. 218-224 (letter and epistle; pseudonymous epistles), 225-234 (Paul's letters and 2-3 John as real letters; letter copy-books, pp. 227-228), 234-237 (catholic epistles, Hebrews, 1 John), 239 (Acts and Paul's letters), 244 (the canon).
  • Adolf Deissmann (trans. Lionel R. M. Strachan), Light from the Ancient East (1910), ch. IV, pp. 372-373 (parousia).
  • Adolf Deissmann (trans. Alexander Grieve), Bible Studies: "Prolegomena to the Biblical Letters and Epistles" (1901), pp. 3-59, especially 14-15 (pseudonymity), 50-51 ("catholic"), 55-56 (the collection of Paul's letters).
  • Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, vol. 1: Apostolic Christianity (revised ed.) (1890), §76 (order of the books, with notes 868-870), §86 (The Epistles), §87 (The Catholic Epistles), §88 (The Epistles of Paul).
  • B. F. Westcott, A General Survey of the History of the Canon of the New Testament (7th ed.) (1896), pp. 248-249 (Peshitta), 377 with n. 2 (place of Hebrews in the manuscripts), 400-401 (the seven catholic epistles and Euthalius), 488-491 (Luther's prefaces).
  • W. J. Conybeare and J. S. Howson, The Life and Epistles of St. Paul, new edition (first published 1852) (1891), p. 319 n. 1 (letters written by an amanuensis with an autograph postscript), p. 321 (the stages of an apostolic letter), p. 498 n. 1 (Tertius), p. 499 n. (Phoebe the bearer).
  • J. B. Lightfoot, Saint Paul's Epistle to the Galatians (1865), note on Gal 6:11, pp. 220-221.
  • J. B. Lightfoot, Saint Paul's Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon (1875), detached note "The Epistle from Laodicea", pp. 340-366.
  • W. M. Ramsay, St. Paul the Traveller and the Roman Citizen (1895), ch. VII, §6, "The Separation of Paul and Barnabas" (Silas and Silvanus).
  • Dwight M. Pratt, "Epistle", International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. James Orr (1915), §§1-2, 5, 7, 9; checked against CrossWire's digital ISBE (1915), 2026-10-07.
  • Dwight M. Pratt, "Catholic Epistles", International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. James Orr (1915), checked against CrossWire's digital ISBE (1915), 2026-10-07.
  • J. S. Riggs, "Canon of the New Testament", International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. James Orr (1915), §II.1-3; checked against CrossWire's digital ISBE (1915), 2026-10-07.
  • William G. Moorehead, "Peter, the Second Epistle of", International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. James Orr (1915), §§I-II; checked against CrossWire's digital ISBE (1915), 2026-10-07.
  • R. Dykes Shaw, "Corinthians, First Epistle to the", International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (1915), checked against CrossWire's digital ISBE (1915), 2026-10-07.
  • R. Dykes Shaw, "Corinthians, Second Epistle to the", International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (1915), checked against CrossWire's digital ISBE (1915), 2026-10-07.
  • A. T. Robertson, "Paul, the Apostle", International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (1915), part 1, Sources; checked against CrossWire's digital ISBE (1915), 2026-10-07.
  • Robert Law, "John, the Epistles of", International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia, ed. James Orr (1915), vol. III pp. 1711-1720 (checked against the 1915 scan).
  • M. G. Easton, Illustrated Bible Dictionary (3rd ed.) (1897), "Corinthians, First Epistle to the"; "Thessalonians, Epistles to the".
  • Charles Bigg, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistles of St. Peter and St. Jude (1901), pp. 246-247 (secretaries; Zahn on 2 Peter).
  • Joseph B. Mayor, The Epistle of St. James (1892), Introduction, ch. VI (date).
  • Joseph B. Mayor, The Epistle of St. Jude and the Second Epistle of St. Peter (1907), Introduction, pp. lxviii, cxxxv, cxliv.
  • John Calvin (trans. John Owen), Commentaries on the Catholic Epistles (1551) (1855), Argument to 2 Peter.
  • John Calvin (trans. William Pringle), Commentary on Galatians (1548) (1854), on Gal 2:1.
  • A. Plummer, The Epistles of S. John (Cambridge Bible) (1886 (1890 reprint used)), notes on 1 John 2:12-14, pp. 97-99; Introduction p. 61 (Demetrius).
  • A. E. Brooke, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Johannine Epistles (1912), Introduction p. lxxxiii.
  • B. F. Westcott, The Epistle to the Hebrews: The Greek Text with Notes and Essays (2nd ed.) (1892), Introduction, "History and Authorship", pp. lxxiv-lxxix.
  • A. B. Davidson, The Epistle to the Hebrews (1882), Introduction ch. III, p. 34.
  • Marcus Dods, "The Epistle to the Hebrews", in The Expositor's Greek Testament, vol. IV (1897 (1910 printing)), Introduction: history, pp. 221-224.
  • Marcus Dods, "The Epistle to the Hebrews", in The Expositor's Greek Testament, vol. IV (1897 (1910 printing)), Introduction: authorship, pp. 228-229 (Harnack on Priscilla).
  • R. H. Charles, The Book of Enoch, or 1 Enoch (1912), 1 Enoch 1:9 with note, pp. 8-9.
  • Eusebius (trans. A. C. McGiffert, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 2, vol. 1), Church History (1890), 2.15; 2.23.25 with McGiffert's note 528; 3.3.5; 3.25; 3.39.16; 4.14.9; 5.8.7; 5.26; 6.14; 6.20; 6.25; 7.25.
  • Athanasius (trans. R. Payne-Smith, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 2, vol. 4), Festal Letter 39 (1892), §§5-6.
  • Henry R. Percival (ed.), Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 2, vol. 14, The Code of Canons of the African Church (Carthage, 419) (1900), canon 24 (Greek 27), with the editor's note that it is canon 36 of Hippo, 393.
  • Unknown (Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 5), The Muratorian Fragment (Canon Muratorianus) (1886), §§3-4.
  • Tertullian (Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 3), Against Marcion, book 5; On Baptism (1885), Against Marcion 5.2-21; On Baptism 17.
  • Tertullian (trans. S. Thelwall, Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 4), On Modesty (De Pudicitia) (1885), ch. 20.
  • Clement of Rome (Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1), First Epistle to the Corinthians (1885), ch. 47.
  • Ignatius (Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1), To the Ephesians (1885), chs. 12 and 18.
  • Polycarp (Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1), Epistle to the Philippians (1885), chs. 7, 12 and 13 (13: the letters of Ignatius).
  • Polycarp (trans. J. B. Lightfoot), To the Philippians (1891), 3:2-3; 5:1; 6:2; 7:1; 11:2-4; 12:1.
  • Irenaeus (Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1), Against Heresies (1885), preface to book 1; 3.13-16 (3.16.5 and 3.16.8 on 1 and 2 John); 5.2.3.
  • Clement of Alexandria (Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 2), Stromata; Fragments (Comments on the Second Epistle of John) (1885), Stromata 1.14 and 2.15; Comments on 2 John.
  • Jerome (trans. E. C. Richardson, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, series 2, vol. 3), Lives of Illustrious Men (1892), chs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 18.

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